Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Ocimum Gratissimum and Cissus Quadrangularis. Assessment of the Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Effect of Nanoparticles

This study evaluates the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) and Veld grape (Cissus quadrangularis) formulation. Ocimum gratissimum and Cissus quadrangularis mediated AgNPs was studied for antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion method, time-kill kinetics analysis, and cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp lethality assay. AgNPs showed a maximum zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas sp, E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. aureus of 22, 18, 19, and 17 mm at 100 µg/ml concentration. In the time-kill curve assay, AgNPs showed bacteriostatic activity against all tested pathogens, similar to standard values. As the concentration of nanoparticles increases, their antimicrobial activity increases. 90% live nauplii are observed after 2 days of treatment with 80µg/ml concentration of AgNPs in brine shrimp lethality assay. Results show that AgNPs biosynthesized using O. gratissimum and C. quadrangularis formulation show efficient antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, synthesized AgNPs can be further studied and can be utilized in biomedical applications.