Role of Synbiotics in Inflammatory Lung Diseases

The microbiome of human gut or lungs is a sophisticated ecology of bacterial strains that inhabits the respiratory and digestive systems. Over the course of millions of years, these microbes coevolved with the host, forming symbiotic connections essential for sustaining host homeostasis as well as regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Crosstalk between these organs is suggested by evidence that dysbiosis, or a disparity in the richness, variety, and utility of the gut microbiota, increases human vulnerability to lungs infections. These days, such crosstalk is recognized as the gut-lung axis. Studies to explore probiotics and synbiotics for gut microbiota modification have consequently concentrated on how well they function to decrease the length and intensity of respiratory infection, primarily due to their action to prevent colonization of pathogens and regulate the immune systems. The chapter discussed the role of probiotic and synbiotic inside the gut-lung axis in relation to lungs infection.