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Observation of cosmic-ray anisotropy with the icetop air shower array

  • M. G. Aartsen
  • , R. Abbasi
  • , Y. Abdou
  • , M. Ackermann
  • , J. Adams
  • , J. A. Aguilar
  • , M. Ahlers
  • , D. Altmann
  • , K. Andeen
  • , J. Auffenberg
  • , X. Bai
  • , M. Baker
  • , S. W. Barwick
  • , V. Baum
  • , R. Bay
  • , K. Beattie
  • , J. J. Beatty
  • , S. Bechet
  • , J. Becker Tjus
  • , K. H. Becker
  • M. Bell, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. Benzvi, J. Berdermann, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Bertrand, D. Z. Besson, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, S. Bohaichuk, C. Bohm, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, L. Brayeur, A. M. Brown, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, M. Carson, J. Casey, M. Casier, D. Chirkin, B. Christy, K. Clark, F. Clevermann, S. Cohen, D. F. Cowen, A. H.Cruz Silva, M. Danninger, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, C. De Clercq, S. De Ridder, F. Descamps, P. Desiati, G. De Vries-Uiterweerd, T. Deyoung, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, J. Dreyer, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, R. Eagan, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, O. Engdegård, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, A. R. Fazely, A. Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, T. Feusels, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, S. Flis, A. Franckowiak, R. Franke, K. Frantzen, T. Fuchs, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, G. Golup, J. A. Goodman, D. Góra, D. Grant, A. Gross, S. Grullon, M. Gurtner, C. Ha, A. Haj Ismail, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, D. Heereman, P. Heimann, D. Heinen, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. Hussain, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, J. Jacobsen, G. S. Japaridze, O. Jlelati, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, J. Kiryluk, F. Kislat, J. Kläs, S. R. Klein, J. H. Köhne, G. Kohnen, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, M. Krasberg, G. Kroll, J. Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, H. Landsman, M. J. Larson, R. Lauer, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, F. McNally, K. Meagher, M. Merck, P. Mészáros, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, N. Milke, J. Miller, L. Mohrmann, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, U. Naumann, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke, S. Odrowski, A. Olivas, M. Olivo, A. O'Murchadha, S. Panknin, L. Paul, J. A. Pepper, C. Pérez De Los Heros, D. Pieloth, N. Pirk, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, L. Rädel, K. Rawlins, P. Redl, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Ribordy, M. Richman, B. Riedel, J. P. Rodrigues, F. Rothmaier, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, B. Ruzybayev, D. Ryckbosch, S. M. Saba, T. Salameh, H. G. Sander, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, M. Scheel, F. Scheriau, T. Schmidt, M. Schmitz, S. Schoenen, S. Schöneberg, L. Schönherr, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, O. Schulz, D. Seckel, S. H. Seo, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, C. Sheremata, M. W.E. Smith, M. Soiron, D. Soldin, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, A. Stasik, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stössl, E. A. Strahler, R. Ström, G. W. Sullivan, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, A. Tamburro, S. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, S. Toscano, M. Usner, D. Van Der Drift, N. Van Eijndhoven, A. Van Overloop, J. Van Santen, M. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, T. Waldenmaier, M. Wallraff, M. Walter, R. Wasserman, Ch Weaver, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, D. R. Williams, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, J. Ziemann, S. Zierke, A. Zilles, M. Zoll
  • University of Adelaide
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Ghent University
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • University of Canterbury
  • University of Geneva
  • Humboldt University of Berlin
  • University of Delaware
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • University of California at Irvine
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • Ohio State University
  • Université libre de Bruxelles
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • University of Wuppertal
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • University of Maryland
  • University of Kansas
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • Uppsala University
  • University of Alberta
  • Oskar Klein Centre
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel
  • University of Bonn
  • Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • TU Dortmund University
  • Southern University and A&M College
  • Technical University of Munich
  • Los Alamos National Laboratory
  • Chiba University
  • Clark Atlanta University
  • Stony Brook University
  • Universite de Mons
  • Department of Physics and Astronomy
  • University of Wisconsin-River Falls
  • National Institute for Nuclear Physics
  • University of Alaska Anchorage
  • University of Oxford
  • NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

134 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report on the observation of anisotropy in the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays at PeV energies. The analysis is based on data taken between 2009 and 2012 with the IceTop air shower array at the south pole. IceTop, an integral part of the IceCube detector, is sensitive to cosmic rays between 100 TeV and 1 EeV. With the current size of the IceTop data set, searches for anisotropy at the 10-3 level can, for the first time, be extended to PeV energies. We divide the data set into two parts with median energies of 400 TeV and 2 PeV, respectively. In the low energy band, we observe a strong deficit with an angular size of about 30° and an amplitude of (- 1.58 ± 0.46stat ± 0.52sys) × 10 -3 at a location consistent with previous observations of cosmic rays with the IceCube neutrino detector. The study of the high energy band shows that the anisotropy persists to PeV energies and increases in amplitude to (- 3.11 ± 0.38stat ± 0.96sys) × 10 -3.

Original languageEnglish
Article number55
JournalAstrophysical Journal
Volume765
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Mar 2013
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • astroparticle physics
  • cosmic rays

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