Long-term management of an ankylosed young permanent incisor replanted within 2 h of avulsion: A case report with a 10-year follow-up

Tooth avulsion is a severe form of luxation injury that involves damage to both the pulp and the periodontal ligament. Avulsed teeth need to be replanted immediately in order to restore esthetics and function. Delayed replantation often results in ankylosis of the tooth which is a common sequela following avulsion injuries. An ankylosed tooth with a necrotic periodontal membrane does not move along with a growing alveolus leading to an arrest in height and width of the alveolar bone causing the tooth to be infraoccluded in a growing individual. This case report describes the multidisciplinary treatment and long-term management of an avulsed permanent central incisor in an 8-year-old child with delayed replantation.