Flow of Fe₃O₄ nanofluid with dust and nanoparticles

Here, mixed convective flow of dusty nanofluid is addressed. Flow is generated by linear stretching sheet. Flow in porous space is examined. Heat transfer characteristics are studied via nonlinear thermal radiation and heat source/sink. Nanofluid comprises iron oxide nanoparticles and water embedded with micro-sized dust particles. Optimal homotopy algorithm leads to solution computations. Convergence analysis is explicitly identified and the concept of minimization is employed by defining average square residual errors. Velocity and temperature profiles are conducted. For both dust and fluid phase of dusty nanofluid, the results for varying parameters are plotted and argued in details. Magnitude of coefficient of skin friction and rate of heat transfer are discussed. It is noted that volume fraction of magnetite nanoparticles reduces for fluid and dust phases. The key observation from present study is that heat transfer rate reduces for both fluid and dust phases.