Fixed-time synchronization of four-dimensional energy resource systems with mismatched parameters

This paper concerns fixed-time synchronization of four-dimensional nonlinear energy resource systems with mismatched parameters. Robust controllers are designed such that the considered systems can be synchronized in a settling time, which is independent of the initial conditions of considered systems. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and inequality techniques, several sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the synchronization. Without using existing finite-time stability theorem, finite-time synchronization of the nonlinear energy resource system is also considered. The settling time for the fixed-time and finite-time synchronization is estimated. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.