Exploring the Effects of Lutein on TNFα/NFκB Signaling Molecules Gene Expression in Lung Cancer Cells

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, natural compounds have gained significant attention for their potential in cancer prevention and treatment. Lutein, a naturally occurring carotenoid found in various fruits and vegetables, has demonstrated promising anti-cancer properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of lutein on the gene expression of TNFα/NF-κB signalling molecules in lung cancer cells. Human lung cancer cells were treated with varying concentrations of lutein, and cell viability assays were conducted to determine any cytotoxic effects of lutein treatment. The gene expression levels of TNFα, NF-κB, and related signalling molecules were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Result: The outcomes of the research demonstrate that lutein treatment led to a concentration-dependent alteration in cell viability and the expression of genes involved in the TNFα/NF-κB signalling pathway in lung cancer cells. Specifically, a significant downregulation of TNFα and inhibition of NF-κB activation were observed in response to lutein treatment. Furthermore, our findings suggest that lutein exhibited significant anti-tumor effects on the lung cancer cells within the concentrations tested. These findings suggest a potential role for lutein in modulating the TNFα/NF-κB signalling pathway in lung cancer cells, highlighting its potential as an adjunct in lung cancer therapy. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying lutein's effects and to assess its therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical settings.