Entropy Optimization in Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of Third-Grade Nanofluid with Viscous Dissipation and Chemical Reaction

In this article, the flow characteristics of MHD third-grade nanofluid are considered. Energy expression is discussed in the presence of heat source/sink and viscous dissipation. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion features are also accounted. Physical characteristics of entropy generation rate with chemical reaction are discussed. Total entropy rate is calculated through implementation of second laws of thermodynamics. Nonlinear flow system is converted to ordinary ones through appropriate transformations. The obtained system is solved for convergent series solution through implementation of optimal homotopy analysis technique. Features of different flow variables on velocity, temperature, entropy optimization rate, concentration and Bejan number are plotted and discussed. Numerical values of heat transfer rate and Sherwood number are also computed and discussed with different interesting flow variables. Surface drag force is computed numerically for both hydromagnetic and hydrodynamic flow cases. Entropy generation rate enhances for rising Brinkman number. Entropy optimization rate and Bejan number show the analogous behaviors for diffusion parameter.