Electrospun bimetallic Au–Pt/TiO₂/BaFe₁₂O₁₉ nanofibers as promising photocatalysts driven by visible light: Synthesis and characterization

Photocatalysis is considered to be one of the most promising strategies for reducing water pollution, a global issue that threatens the environment. The electro-spinning technique was used to synthesize Pt–Au/TiO₂/BaFe₁₂O₁₉ nanofibers. The optical part of a Pt–Au/TiO₂ nanocomposite was obtained by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and the magnetic part was obtained by using BaFe₁₂O₁₉ nanoparticles synthesized through ultrasound waves and Ficus carica extracts. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Dispersive Spectra analysis (EDS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), high-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) have been employed to assess products. The photocatalytic performance of Pt/TiO₂, Au/TiO₂, nanocomposites and Pt–Au/TiO₂ BaFe₁₂O₁₉ nanofibers was investigated under visible light. In the presence of changing parameters, such as dye type (azo dyes with different numbers of azo groups), concentration and pH, the highest decolorization has been achieved 95.2%, with the reaction rate coefficient of 0.0247 min⁻¹ for Acid Red 14 by Pt–Au/TiO₂ nanofibers. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that noble metals may increase dye degradation through the electron sink effect of Pt and the SPR effect of Au.