Effectiveness of Darcy-Forchheimer and nonlinear mixed convection aspects in stratified Maxwell nanomaterial flow induced by convectively heated surface

The effect of nonlinear mixed convection in stretched flows of rate-type non-Newtonian materials is described. The formulation is based upon the Maxwell liquid which elaborates thermal relation time characteristics. Nanofluid properties are studied considering thermophoresis and Brownian movement. Thermal radiation, double stratification, convective conditions, and heat generation are incorporated in energy and nanoparticle concentration expressions. A boundary-layer concept is implemented for the simplification of mathematical expressions. The modeled nonlinear problems are computed with an optimal homotopy scheme. Moreover, the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers as well as the velocity, nanoparticle concentration, and temperature are emphasized. The results show opposite impacts of the Deborah number and the porosity factor on the velocity distribution.