Effect of Sapindus trifoliatus Ethanol Extracts in Diabetic Associated Complication

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a long-term metabolic disease marked by persistently high blood sugar levels. It can be the result of deficiencies in either the action or production of insulin or both. Diabetes mellitus is a major global health issue since it may lead to retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiovascular diseases and many more. Sapindus trifoliates plant extract may help to control hyperglycemia and prevent complications in Diabetes mellitus. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the ability of ethanol extracts of the leaves (STL) and fruit (STF) extract of S. trifoliatus to control hyperglycemic conditions in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic rat models were employed to study the antidiabetic potential of ethanol plant extract (leaves and fruit) of S. trifoliatus. The effect of S. trifoliatus extract on the rat models and associated complications, including diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and cardiac complications were assessed. In Diabetic rat models, hypoglycemic activity, antidiabetic activity, and kidney function were determined. Results: Treatment with plant extract showed that it has a significant antihyperglycemic effect in the experimental model of Diabetes mellitus. Additionally, the extract effectively mitigated the Diabetes-induced complications in the eye, kidney, and heart of the animal. Conclusions: S. trifoliatus extract can be used as a promising therapeutic and preventive agent in the treatment of diabetes and associated complications. Major Findings: The study found that ethanol extracts of Sapindus trifoliatus leaves and fruit part effectively manage diabetes in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extracts lowered blood glucose levels and protected against diabetes-related complications in the eyes, kidneys, and heart, suggesting the plant’s potential as a natural remedy for both hyperglycemia and its associated complications.