Design and Validation of Lifetime Extension Low Latency MAC Protocol (LELLMAC) for Wireless Sensor Networks Using a Hybrid Algorithm

As the battery-operated power source of wireless sensor networks, energy consumption is a major concern. The medium-access protocol design solves the energy usage of sensor nodes while transmitting and receiving data, thereby improving the sensor network’s lifetime. The suggested work employs a hybrid algorithm to improve the energy efficiency of sensor networks with nodes that are regularly placed. Every node in this protocol has three operating modes, which are sleep mode, receive mode, and send mode. Every node enters a periodic sleep state in order to conserve energy, and after waking up, it waits for communication. During the sleep mode, the nodes turn off their radios in order to reduce the amount of energy they consume while not in use. As an added feature, this article offers a channel access mechanism in which the sensors can send data based on the Logical Link Decision (LLD) algorithm and receive data based on the adaptive reception method. It is meant to select acceptable intermediary nodes in order to identify the path from the source to the destination and to minimize data transmission delays among the nodes in the network scenario. Aside from that, both simulation and analytical findings are used to examine the activity of the suggested MAC, and the created models are evaluated depending on their performance. With regard to energy consumption, latency, throughput, and power efficiency, the result demonstrates that the suggested MAC protocol outperforms the corresponding set of rules. The extensive simulation and analytical analysis showed that the energy consumption of the proposed LELLMAC protocol is reduced by 22% and 76.9% the end-to-end latency is 84.7% and 87.4% percent shorter, and the throughput is 60.3% and 70.5% higher than the existing techniques when the number of node is 10 and 100 respectively.