Comparison of the stability of immediate dental implant placement in fresh molar extraction sockets in the maxilla and mandible: a controlled, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial

The aim of this study was to assess the stability of immediate dental implants in fresh molar extraction sockets and to compare those placed in the maxilla and mandible. This was a controlled, prospective, non-randomized clinical trial; the maxilla was the test group and the mandible was the control group. Thirty patients with an unrestorable molar tooth who needed immediate implant placement were included. The implant surgery was performed using a surgical stent and a guided surgery kit. After placement of the implant, the implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured. A titanium customized healing abutment was inserted, and further ISQ values were obtained during 24 weeks of follow-up. The mean primary stability after immediate implant placement was >70 (73.98 ± 5.40 in the maxilla and 73.59 ± 6.74 in the mandible; P = 0.864). In the maxilla, stability was reduced at 2 weeks and 4 weeks and then increased gradually. In conclusion, immediate implant placement in the molar region with computer-guided surgery resulted in excellent implant stability. Higher mean ISQ values were obtained for the implants in the mandibular molar region when compared to the maxillary molar region (significant at 24 weeks, P = 0.018).