Comparative Toxicity Analysis of 3M ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème and VOCO Profluorid Varnish in Artemia Nauplii and Zebrafish Larvae

Aim: To assess the toxicity of 3M ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème and VOCO Profluoride Varnish in Artemia nauplii and zebrafish larvae. Materials and methods: The acute toxicity of 3M ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème and VOCO Profluoride Varnish was assessed using a brine shrimp lethality assay in zebrafish larvae and Artemia nauplii. The Artemia nauplii and zebrafish were divided into three groups each. The first group served as a control group and did not undergo any form of intervention. The second group was exposed to ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème at a concentration of 100 mg/L, while the third group was treated with Profluoride Varnish at a concentration of 100 mg/L. After a 48-hour exposure period, the mortality rate, morphological changes, and heart rate of the zebrafish larvae and Artemia nauplii were assessed. Results: Both Profluoride Varnish and ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème are regarded safe for dental usage, with ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème exhibiting no harmful effects on the examined organisms. Artemia nauplii were inflamed by Profluoride Varnish. The zebrafish that were exposed to Profluoride Varnish (100 mg/L) exhibited malformations such as reduced eye size, reduced or abnormal head size, and deformities of the tail. The ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème (100 mg/L) group, on the contrary, was judged to be normal and similar to the control group. Zebrafish embryos were not killed by the 100 mg/L concentrations of ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème. The death rate was observed to be higher in the Profluoride Varnish (100 mg/L) group. Heart rate was also calculated, and there wasn’t much of a difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Zebrafish exhibited deformities following exposure to Profluoride Varnish but did not show any abnormalities after being exposed to ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème. Artemia nauplii experienced mild inflammation when exposed to Profluoride Varnish but did not show any inflammation after being exposed to ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème. The mortality rate was greater with Profluoride Varnish compared to ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème. The administration of ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème and Profluoride Varnish did not elicit any alterations in the heart rate of the zebrafish embryos. Clinical significance: The study revealed that ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème had no detrimental effects on the organisms under examination, but Profluoride Varnish resulted in deformities in zebrafish and inflammation in Artemia nauplii. In addition, the use of Profluoride Varnish led to increased mortality rates in zebrafish embryos compared to the use of ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème. These findings indicate that ESPE Clinpro Tooth Crème may offer a higher level of safety for daily use in dental applications, which can provide significant knowledge for dental professionals.