Comparative Evaluation of Three Treatment Modalities for Correction of Anterior Crossbite in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Control Trial

Aim: To evaluate and compare three treatment protocols to correct anterior dental crossbite in the mixed dentition. Materials and Methods: Thirty children, 8–10 years of age, participated in the randomized clinical trial conducted in a private college in Chennai. Individuals were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 20 children treated with 2*4 Appliance; Group 2, 20 children treated using Catlans Appliance; Group 3, 20 children treated using posterior bite plane with Z-spring. The 60 participants were evaluated before treatment (T1) and after treatment was done (T2). The variables evaluated included overjet, overbite, perimeter of the maxillary arch. Cephalometric analysis and parental acceptance was also evaluated. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 23.0. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. Inferential statistics used were one way ANOVA, paired t test and Chi square test. Results: There was a significant difference between the pre and post parameters between the groups when evaluated for overjet (p=0.001*), overbite (p=0.001*) and perimeter of the maxillary arch (p=0.001*). In cephalometric analysis there was a significant difference between the groups. The acceptance rate (p=0.001*) was highest with 2*4 appliance followed by Catlans appliance and the least was with posterior bite plane with Z-spring. The time duration (p=0.001*) was least with Catalans appliance followed by 2*4 appliance and the highest time duration was with posterior bite plane with Z-spring. Conclusion: The pre-treatment and post-treatment parameters for each group demonstrated a significant difference, indicating that each appliance successfully corrected the crossbite.