Clinical and Radiographic Success of Modified Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Formocresol as Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars: A Randomized Control Trial

Objective: This clinical study was aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of modified NeoPutty mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)® (Nusmile) in primary teeth of children aged 4–6 years. Materials and methods: An in vivo study was done in children aged 4–6 years old. A total of 50 primary second molar teeth were included in the study, with 25 of them undergoing treatment with a 1:5 dilution of Buckley’s formocresol (FC) and 25 receiving treatments with modified NeoPutty MTA® (NeoPutty MTA mixed with triple antibiotic paste). The groups were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months for clinical and radiographic outcomes, and results were statistically analyzed. Results: At 12 months, the modified NeoPutty MTA® pulpotomy group showed a significantly higher success rate clinically (96%) compared to the FC group (72%) (p < 0.05). However, radiographically, although modified NeoPutty MTA® was better (92%) than FC (82%), the difference was not statistically significant. Modified NeoPutty®-treated teeth exhibited no signs of pain or discomfort and demonstrated better pulp vitality compared to the FC group. Conclusion: Modified NeoPutty MTA® demonstrated superior clinical success rates and better radiographic outcomes compared to traditional FC pulpotomy. Clinical significance: The newer bioactive material (modified NeoPutty MTA) has been compared with the gold standard (FC) in the pulpotomy procedure in primary molars, as FC has certain disadvantages, that is, carcinogenicity. The success of modified NeoPutty MTA can pave the way for using better materials with fewer disadvantages.