Characterizing the particle variations and human exposure in port and urban areas

In port areas, traffic is characterized by container trucks which run on diesel, while in urban areas it is characterized by private cars which run on petrol. The different fuels as pollution sources cause distinct particle pollution. This study offers an indepth investigation of particle pollution and corresponding short-term exposures in port and urban areas. Field measurements were carried out to collect the data including particulate matter and traffic volume. Based on the data, firstly, the Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between traffic volume and particles. Secondly, the Anderson–Darling test was adopted to identify the ‘‘best-fit’’ distributions on particles. Thirdly, comparisons of particle pollution levels in port and urban areas were analyzed. Finally, the pedestrian respiratory deposition doses of particles were estimated. The results indicate the importance and urgency of reducing air pollution, especially for port cities, and provide policymakers with a foundation for possible measures in the port city.