Biomolecules and growth factors for endodontic regeneration

Recently, endodontic regeneration becomes an area of growing interest among scientists and dental clinicians worldwide. Its ability and effect have been studied widely in order to improve current protocols and increase its reliability and predictability. Several studies have been demonstrated that tissue engineering is based on three important aspects: progenitor/stem cells, scaffolds, and growth factors. In Regenerative Endodontics, there are two types of approach: cell-free therapy and cell-based therapy and both of them are based on the tripod of tissue engineering. Growth factors are signalling biomolecules where their function is to activate specific cell differentiation in stem cells. Its use is widely being studied with the aim of comprehending how they play a role in stem cell differentiation and how to use them to improve results in endodontic regenerative procedures. This chapter aims to review current advances and approaches on the use of growth factors in regenerative endodontic procedures.