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ANISOTROPY in COSMIC-RAY ARRIVAL DIRECTIONS in the SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE BASED on SIX YEARS of DATA from the ICECUBE DETECTOR

  • M. G. Aartsen
  • , K. Abraham
  • , M. Ackermann
  • , J. Adams
  • , J. A. Aguilar
  • , M. Ahlers
  • , M. Ahrens
  • , D. Altmann
  • , T. Anderson
  • , I. Ansseau
  • , G. Anton
  • , M. Archinger
  • , C. Arguelles
  • , T. C. Arlen
  • , J. Auffenberg
  • , X. Bai
  • , S. W. Barwick
  • , V. Baum
  • , R. Bay
  • , J. J. Beatty
  • J. Becker Tjus, K. H. Becker, E. Beiser, S. BenZvi, P. Berghaus, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, A. Bernhard, D. Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, C. Bohm, M. Börner, F. Bos, D. Bose, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Braun, L. Brayeur, H. P. Bretz, N. Buzinsky, J. Casey, M. Casier, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, A. Christov, K. Clark, L. Classen, S. Coenders, G. H. Collin, J. M. Conrad, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, J. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, M. Day, J. P.A.M. De André, C. De Clercq, E. Del Pino Rosendo, H. Dembinski, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. De Vries, G. De Wasseige, M. De With, T. Deyoung, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, V. Di Lorenzo, H. Dujmovic, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, B. Eberhardt, T. Ehrhardt, B. Eichmann, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, J. Feintzeig, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, S. Flis, C. C. Fösig, T. Fuchs, T. K. Gaisser, R. Gaior, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, D. Gier, L. Gladstone, M. Glagla, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, G. Golup, J. G. Gonzalez, D. Góra, D. Grant, Z. Griffith, C. Ha, C. Haack, A. Haj Ismail, A. Hallgren, F. Halzen, E. Hansen, B. Hansmann, T. Hansmann, K. Hanson, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, K. Holzapfel, A. Homeier, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. Huber, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, S. In, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, G. S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, K. Jero, B. J.P. Jones, M. Jurkovic, A. Kappes, T. Karg, A. Karle, U. Katz, M. Kauer, A. Keivani, J. L. Kelley, J. Kemp, A. Kheirandish, M. Kim, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, S. R. Klein, G. Kohnen, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, R. Konietz, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, G. Kroll, M. Kroll, G. Krückl, J. Kunnen, S. Kunwar, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, D. Lennarz, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, J. Leuner, L. Lu, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, K. B.M. Mahn, M. Mandelartz, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, H. S. Matis, R. Maunu, F. McNally, K. Meagher, M. Medici, M. Meier, A. Meli, T. Menne, G. Merino, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, E. Middell, L. Mohrmann, T. Montaruli, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, U. Naumann, G. Neer, H. Niederhausen, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, A. Olivas, A. Omairat, A. O'Murchadha, T. Palczewski, H. Pandya, D. V. Pankova, L. Paul, J. A. Pepper, C. Pérez De Los Heros, C. Pfendner, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, M. Quinnan, C. Raab, L. Rädel, M. Rameez, K. Rawlins, R. Reimann, M. Relich, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Richter, B. Riedel, S. Robertson, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, L. Sabbatini, H. G. Sander, A. Sandrock, J. Sandroos, S. Sarkar, K. Schatto, M. Schimp, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, S. Schoenen, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, L. Schumacher, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, D. Soldin, M. Song, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, M. Stahlberg, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, A. Stasik, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stössl, R. Ström, N. L. Strotjohann, G. W. Sullivan, M. Sutherland, H. Taavola, I. Taboada, J. Tatar, S. Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, G. Tešić, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, M. N. Tobin, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, M. Tselengidou, A. Turcati, E. Unger, M. Usner, S. Vallecorsa, J. Vandenbroucke, N. Van Eijndhoven, S. Vanheule, J. Van Santen, J. Veenkamp, M. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, A. Wallace, M. Wallraff, N. Wandkowsky, Ch Weaver, C. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D. R. Williams, L. Wills, H. Wissing, M. Wolf, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Y. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, M. Zoll
  • University of Adelaide
  • Technical University of Munich
  • German Electron Synchrotron
  • University of Canterbury
  • Université libre de Bruxelles
  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • Stockholm University
  • Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
  • Pennsylvania State University
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  • RWTH Aachen University
  • South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
  • University of California at Irvine
  • University of California at Berkeley
  • Ohio State University
  • Ruhr University Bochum
  • University of Wuppertal
  • University of Rochester
  • University of Maryland
  • University of Kansas
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
  • Uppsala University
  • TU Dortmund University
  • Sungkyunkwan University
  • Vrije Universiteit Brussel
  • University of Alberta
  • Georgia Institute of Technology
  • University of Geneva
  • University of Toronto
  • Michigan State University
  • University of Delaware
  • Ghent University
  • Humboldt University of Berlin
  • Southern University and A&M College
  • Chiba University
  • University of Copenhagen
  • University of Bonn
  • The University of Tokyo
  • Clark Atlanta University
  • Yale University
  • Stony Brook University
  • Universite de Mons
  • Drexel University
  • University of Wisconsin-River Falls
  • Department of Physics and Astronomy
  • University of Alaska Anchorage
  • University of Oxford
  • NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

121 Scopus citations

Abstract

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory accumulated a total of 318 billion cosmic-ray-induced muon events between 2009 May and 2015 May. This data set was used for a detailed analysis of the sidereal anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays in the TeV to PeV energy range. The observed global sidereal anisotropy features large regions of relative excess and deficit, with amplitudes of the order of 10-3 up to about 100 TeV. A decomposition of the arrival direction distribution into spherical harmonics shows that most of the power is contained in the low-multipole (ℓ ≤ 4) moments. However, higher multipole components are found to be statistically significant down to an angular scale of less than 10°, approaching the angular resolution of the detector. Above 100 TeV, a change in the morphology of the arrival direction distribution is observed, and the anisotropy is characterized by a wide relative deficit whose amplitude increases with primary energy up to at least 5 PeV, the highest energies currently accessible to IceCube. No time dependence of the large- and small-scale structures is observed in the period of six years covered by this analysis. The high-statistics data set reveals more details of the properties of the anisotropy and is potentially able to shed light on the various physical processes that are responsible for the complex angular structure and energy evolution.

Original languageEnglish
Article number220
JournalAstrophysical Journal
Volume826
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Aug 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • astroparticle physics
  • cosmic rays

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