Airway response to inhaled methacholine in normal human subjects

The individual airway responsiveness to inhaled, nebulized methacholine (MeCh) was estimated in normal volunteers, measuring specific airway conductance (sGAW). The dose of MeCh was increased logarithmically until a 60-65% reduction from baseline sGAW or an asymptotic aproach to a maximal response was attained. The concentration of MeCh that caused a 35% reduction in sGAW (PC₃₅), the dose that caused a 62.5% reduction in sGAW, the slope of the straight, central part of the log-dose-response curve (LDRC), the slope of the straight, initial part of the dose-response curve, the maximal response attainable (E(max)) and the dose causing a half-maximal response (ED₅₀) were derived. These parameters were transformed as necessary to attain normality of distribution. Relationships between them were examined by measuring the correlations between their transformed values. The ED₅₀ was taken to represent the least biased estimate of the sensitivity to MeCh. The PC₃₅ was the best practical estimate of sensitivity. The E(max) was taken to represent the least biased estimate of the reactivity to MeCh. The slope of the LDRC was the best practical estimate of reactivity. The sensitivity and reactivity varied independently in these normal subjects. Each was also independent of the baseline sGAW.