Advanced drug delivery systems for targeting obesity

Obesity is a metabolic disorder that affects people of all ages and is one of the leading causes of chronic diseases. Obesity has been linked to death in the cases of cardiovascular disease, cancer, osteoarthritis, kidney illness, and other lethal diseases. Obese people are more likely than normal-weight people to get diabetes. Obesity is complex, with genetic, epigenetic, physiological, behavioral, social, and environmental factors all contributing to an imbalance in long-term energy intake and expenditure. Obesity cases have increased dramatically during the recent covid-19 pandemic. Among other things, it causes intestinal dysbiosis, functional cell abnormalities, redox imbalance, and lipid metabolism issues. Obesity treatment now includes traditional methods such as dietary changes, increased physical activity, lower calorie consumption, behavioral changes, pharmacotherapy, and surgical methods. Traditional anti-obesity treatments are less likely to be chosen as a result of their poor effects, unpredictable outcomes, and limitations. Nanocarriers, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, gold nanoparticles, solid lipid nanocarriers, microneedles, and gene-based therapy are all advanced drug delivery systems for obesity treatment. This chapter includes a detailed study of advanced drug delivery systems and therapy for obesity.