TY - JOUR
T1 - A rapid and green RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of ketoprofen and famotidine
T2 - Development and validation
AU - Yasin, Haya Khader Ahmad
AU - Al-Tabakha, Moawia M.
AU - Ahmad, Taimoor
AU - Khan, Sohaib Naseem
AU - Chan, Siok Yee
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 The Author(s). Open Access statement. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated.
PY - 2026
Y1 - 2026
N2 - A simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ketoprofen and famotidine in combined dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Roc C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of methanol:water:acetonitrile (35:35:30, v/v/v) adjusted to pH 3.1 with formic acid, at a flow rate of 2 mL/min and detection at 264 nm. Retention times were 2.86 min for ketoprofen and 8.56 min for famotidine. The method was validated following ICH Q2(R2) guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9996 for ketoprofen, R2 = 0.9993 for famotidine), accuracy (98.35–101.26%), precision (%RSD < 1%), and sensitivity (LOD: 18.3 and 25 ng/mL; LOQ: 61.8 and 84 ng/mL, respectively). Robustness testing confirmed reliability under varied conditions. Importantly, the method minimizes solvent usage and employs short run times, aligning with green analytical chemistry principles. The proposed RP-HPLC method is precise, accurate, and suitable for routine quality control of ketoprofen–famotidine formulations, offering a sustainable alternative for pharmaceutical analysis.
AB - A simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ketoprofen and famotidine in combined dosage forms. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Roc C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of methanol:water:acetonitrile (35:35:30, v/v/v) adjusted to pH 3.1 with formic acid, at a flow rate of 2 mL/min and detection at 264 nm. Retention times were 2.86 min for ketoprofen and 8.56 min for famotidine. The method was validated following ICH Q2(R2) guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9996 for ketoprofen, R2 = 0.9993 for famotidine), accuracy (98.35–101.26%), precision (%RSD < 1%), and sensitivity (LOD: 18.3 and 25 ng/mL; LOQ: 61.8 and 84 ng/mL, respectively). Robustness testing confirmed reliability under varied conditions. Importantly, the method minimizes solvent usage and employs short run times, aligning with green analytical chemistry principles. The proposed RP-HPLC method is precise, accurate, and suitable for routine quality control of ketoprofen–famotidine formulations, offering a sustainable alternative for pharmaceutical analysis.
KW - Eco-friendly Analysis
KW - Famotidine
KW - Green Analytical Chemistry
KW - HPLC Method Validation
KW - ICH Validation
KW - ICH Validation
KW - Ketoprofen
KW - Method Development
KW - Pharmaceutical Quality Control
KW - RP-HPLC
KW - Simultaneous Analysis
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105032565053
U2 - 10.1556/1326.2026.01454
DO - 10.1556/1326.2026.01454
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105032565053
SN - 1233-2356
JO - Acta Chromatographica
JF - Acta Chromatographica
ER -